PPSC

1.      Faraizi Movement 1830-57 The first half of the 19th century witnessed a movement known as Faraizi     Movement in East Bengal. The founder of this movement was Haji Shariatullah. At this time the condition of the Bengali Muslims in the……

2.      Ali Garh Movement  Sir Syed Ahmed Khan flourished from 1817 to 1898. As the founder of Aligarh  movement, he is ranked among the greatest Muslim reformers of the 19th century. He came to the rescue of his co-religionists after the War of Independence (1857) when the British unleashed a wave of vengeance against the……..

3.      Deoband Movement The Aligarh Movement did a lot of work for social, political and economic uplift of the Muslims. It, however, lacked in religious sphere and could not work commendably for religious    training of the…….

5.      Nadva-tul-Ulema-Lucknow Nadva-tul-Ulema Lucknow was established by Maulana Abdul Ghafoor, Maulana Shibli Naumani and Maulana Abdul Haq in 1894. Its establishment was necessitated by the fact that M.A.O……

6.      Two-Nation-theory "One lesson I have learnt from the history of Muslims. At critical moments in their history it is Islam that has saved Muslims and not vice versa." (Sir Muhammad Iqbal)………..

7.      Partition-of Bengal-1905 "the Lt.Governor of Bengal had to administer, in 1903,An area of 1, 89,000    square miles with a population of 7, 80, 00,000 and gross revenue of 75, 00,000 pounds.No other provincial administrator of India had so huge
Charge………………"

8.      Simla-Deputation1906 The Hindu opposition of Urdu and partition of Bengal revealed it to the Muslims that the Hindus would never allow the Muslims a respectable position in the Indian society. The political scene of India, at…..

9.      Muslim-League-1906 The objectives of the Muslim League were as under:
i) To promote among the Muslims of India the feelings of loyalty to the British government and to remove misconception.
ii) To promote……….

10.  Islamia College Peshawar The Edwardes High school was the first attempt in Peshawar as regarding Missionary work, which was established in 1855 by Robert Clarke under the patronage of Sir Herbert……….

11.  Lukhnow Pact 1916 Lucknow Pact, (December 1916), agreement made by the Indian National Congres headed by Maratha leader Bal Gangadhar Tilak and the All-India Muslim League led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah; it was adopted by the Congress at its Lucknow……..

12.  Khilafat-Movement The Hindu Muslim unity reached its climax during the Khilafat and the Non-cooperation Movements. The Muslims of soothsayer, under the leadership of the Ali Brothers, Maulana Muhammad Ali and Maulana Shaukat Ali, launched the historic Khilafat Movement after the First World War to protect the………..

13.  Fourteen-Points-of-MA Jinnah ouncil of All India considered simply rejecting the report as insufficient. He decided to give an alterMuslim League on March 28, 1929, members of both the Shafi League and Jinnah League participated. Quaid-i-Azam…..

14.  Simon-Commission-1927 The other section of the League, which boycotted the Simon Commission for its all-White character, cooperated with the Nehru Committee, appointed by the All-Parties Conference, to draft a constitution for India. The Nehru Report had an extremely anti-Muslim bias and the……….

15.  Round-Table-Conferences It was launched by Gandhi because at that point he demanded implementation of Nehru report in Toto.The civil disobedience movement was declared illegal and Gandhi was arrested………..

16.  Allama-Iqbals Allah Abad address Iqbal found a God sent opportunity as he was elected as the president of Allahabad Session of the All India Muslim League. He took full advantage of this session for communicating his thoughts and his dream for a separate state, Pakistan……..

17.  Lahore-Resolution-1940 From March 22 to March 24, 1940, the All India Muslim League held its annual session at Minto Park, Lahore. This session proved to be historical.

18.  On the first day of the session, Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah narrated the events of the last few months. In an extempore……

19.  Titu-Mir Mir Nisar Ali (Titu Mir) was one of the greatest freedom fighters of Bangladesh. He sparked the flame of liberation in the hearts of Bangladeshis which is continuous leading them in their struggle for political, cultural and economic independence……….

20.  Sheikh Ahmad Sarhindi The first of the great reformers, Sheikh Ahmad Sarhindi al-Farooqi an-Naqshbandi, was born in Sarhind on June 26, 1564. He belonged to a devout Muslim family that claimed descent from Hazrat Umar Farooq (RA). His father Sheikh Abdul Ahad was a…..

21.  Allama Mohammad Iqbal Dr. Mohammad Iqbal, the Islamic poet-philosopher who played such a vital role in the birth of Pakistan, was the first to advocate the formation of independent Muslim state for the………..

22.  Liaquat Ali Khan Nawabzada Liaquat Ali Khan, the second son of Nawab Rustam Ali Khan, was born on October 1, 1896, in a Madal Pathan (Nausherwan) family. He graduated in 1918 from M. A. O. College, Aligarh. After his graduation, he was offered a job in the

23.  Jinnah Mohammed Ali Jinnah, Mohammed Ali (1876-1948), Indian politician and longtime leader of the Muslim League. Jinnah became the founding father of Pakistan and its first governor-general (1947-1948)…..

24.  Ideology-of-Pakistan The word ideology is defined as the science of ideas or system of ideas,especiallyconcerning social and political life.It may be defined as the set of beliefs,especially thepolitical beliefs on which people,parties or………….

25.  Ideology-of-Pakistan-and-Quaid-e-  Azam  Pakistan was carved out in desperateurgency. It came into existence with horrible loss of life and property, and the migration of millions of dazed and destitute men, women,……

26.  Constitution of 1956  First constitution was approved on 29th January 1956. The Governor General gave is assent on 2nd March and the new constitution was enforced on 23rd March, 1956 and Pakistan was transformed into an Islamic Republic. The Objectives Resolution passed by the First Constituent Assembly in 1949 was included in the Preamble of 1956 Constitution. Under this constitution, parliamentary form of government, modeled on British pattern, was adopted. This federal system was closer to the one as it existed under 1935 Act of India…….

27.  Constitution of 1962 The Constitution of Second Republic was a comprehensive document, comprising 250 articles and three schedules. It did not have a representative character but was granted by one man………

28.  Constitution of 1973 The National Assembly which was elected in 1970 had also to prepare a constitution for the country. For this purpose, it formed a committee in its session held on 17th April, 1972, comprising all the representatives of the parliamentary parties. The recommendations of the committee were finally approved on 10th April, 1973……….

29.  Amendments in 1973 Constitution May 4, 1974

30.  It amended Articles 1, 8, 17, 61, 101, 193, 199, 200, 209, 212, 250, 260 and 272, and the First Schedule of the Constitution of Pakistan.

31.  The amendment to Article 1 redefined the boundaries of Pakistan and removed references to East Pakistan after the recognition of Bangladesh by Pakistan…..

32.  The Presidents Powers he President is the head of the state and has been regarded as the chief spokesman of the republic. He is constitutionally the repository of the highest administrative authority of the federation which he can exercise in his own discretion or on the advice of the Prime Minister. Under the constitutional arrangements,…….

33.  Prime Ministers Powers Prime Minister enjoys a very important position in the Cabinet and being an important advisor of the President, the whole administrative machinery revolves around him. He is, on    the one hand, Chief of the administration and on the other hand, leader of the House……..

34.  The Parliment Powers n modern political systems, the legislative branch enjoys somewhat superior position over the other two branches of government, as it reflects the will of the political sovereign. In       a parliamentary set-up the legislature is regarded as supreme law-making body on the one hand, and a repository of executive power on the other…….

35.  Jats-of-sindh Before commencing a review of the Muslim period of Sind's history, we shall speak briefly of the Jats of Sind (Pakistan) who were known all over Iran and the Middle East for their sturdy constitution

36.  Arab-period Turning to the history of Sind, it may be divided into seven periods: (1) Pre-Muslim; (2) Arab Rule; (3) Middle Ages from Mahmud Ghaznavi to the establishment of Mughal Rule; (4) Mughal Period; (5)

37.  Sindh-progress-under-arabs However, in spite of political chaos and religious confusion, Sind made great progress in the literary and economic fields during this period. Sindhi scholars and doctors made a mark not only in

38.  Mohammad-bin-qasims As mentioned elsewhere, Sind had a large Buddhist population at this time but the ruler, Dahir, was a Brahmin. It is said that the Buddhists been receiving constant information from their co-religionists

39.  Allama-Iqbal-and-Ideology-of-Pakistan The Two-Nation Theory on the basis of which Pakistan came into being was first presented by sir Syed Ahmad Khan in 1857. According to this theory the Muslims of India considered themselves to be a separate nation from Hindus. However some questions in regard to…………

40.  Problems-of-Pakistan-after Independence It had been agreed between Jinnah and Nehru that a Boundary Commission should be setup to define the borders between India and Pakistan. The British Government immediately appointed a Boundary Commission under Sir Cyril Radcliffe to demarcate permanent borders……………

41.  Foreign-Relations-of-Pakistan The British Raj (Raj in Hindi/Urdu meaning Rule) refers to the British rule between 1858 and 1947 of the Indian Subcontinent, or present-day India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Myanmar, during which period…..

42.  Early-Governments-and-ConstitutionThe first government of Unstable Parliamentary Democracy East          Pakistan. He formed a coalition cabinet that    included the Awami League and the Republican Party of the West Wing, a new party that was formed by dissident members of the Muslim League. However,……….

43.  Constitutional-Amendments-and-Elections Musharraf pledged to hold provincial and parliamentary elections in October 2002. In a bid to secure his position as president, a title he had adopted in 2001, Musharraf called a referendum in April 2002 on extending……………..

44.  Parliamentary-History-of-Pakistan The Muslims of India had, since the middle of nineteen century, begun the struggle for a separate homeland on the basis of the two Nation theory. The British rulers realized that the Hindus and Muslims of India remained two separate and distinct nations and socio-cultural entities. The British rulers………

45.  Gen Ayub Khan-regime  Pakistan almost absolutely for a little more than ten years. Although his regime made some notable achievements, it did not eliminate the basic problems of Pakistani society. Ayub’s regime increased developmental funds to East Pakistan more than threefold. This had a noticeable effect on the economy of the province,…………..

46.  Gen Yahya-khan-regime In an attempt to make his martial-law regime more acceptable, Yahya dismissed almost 300 senior civil servants and identified 32 families that were said to control about half of Pakistan’s gross national product. To curb their power Yahya issued an ordinance against monopolies and restrictive trade practices in 1970. He also…………..

47.  Zulafiqar-ali-bhuto-regime Under Bhutto’s leadership Pakistan began to rearrange its national life. Bhutto nationalized the basic industries, insurance companies, domestically owned banks, and schools   and colleges……………

48.  Gen-zia-regime  July 5, 1977, and imposed another martial-law regime. Bhutto was tried for authorizing the murder of a political opponent and found guilty; he was hanged on April 4, 1979. The PPP was reorganized under the leadership of his daughter, Benazir Bhutto…………….

49.  Soviet-invasion-of-afghanistan The occupation of Afghanistan by Soviet troops, beginning in December 1979, raised Pakistani fears for their own security. The government undertook three main approaches in dealing with the crisis. The first approach was to explore a possible revitalizing of the relationship with the United States. Early in the year,……………..

50.  Pakistan-and-afghanistan The nature of relationship between Afghanistan and Pakistan is a very delicate one. Leaving aside the recent realities (past 20 years) of the close brotherly relationship between Pakistan and Afghanistan during the Jehad against the Soviets/Communists, the emergence of the………….

51.  Musharaf-takes-power The Pakistani military accused Sharif of giving in too easily to pressure from India and for pinning the blame for the Kargil attack on army chief Pervez Musharraf. In October 1999 Sharif tried to dismiss Musharraf from………….

52.  Civilian-governments Benazir Bhutto became prime minister after her PPP won the general elections in November 1988. She was the first woman to head a modern Islamic state. A civil servant, Ghulam Ishaq Khan, was appointed president. In August…….

53.  Indo-pakistani-wars Indo-Pakistani Wars, three wars fought between India and Pakistan since the two nations gained independence from Britain in 1947. The first and second wars (1947-1949; 1965) were fought over the territory of Jammu……..

54.  First-indo-pakistani-war By November 1947 Auchinleck, Supreme Commander based in New Delhi, being convinced that Indian Cabinet was seeking to destroy and undo Pakistan by economic and military means, was forced to resign. As the build-up of Indian forces in Jammu and Kashmir continued, Pakistan Army units were being hurriedly organized……….

55.  Second-indo-pakistani-war In 1965 India and Pakistan went to war over Jammu and Kashmīr a second time. Pakistan, dissatisfied with both multilateral and bilateral negotiations, again sought to wrest Jammu and Kashmīr from India through…….

56.  Third-indo-pakistani-war Unlike the first and second Indo-Pakistani wars, the third war, fought in 1971, did not involve the status of Kashmīr. Instead, it began as a Pakistani civil war in which East Pakistan, the eastern province of Pakistan, sought to secede from the country. This conflict escalated into a 14-day war between India and……..

57.  Kashmir-unresolved-dispute Indo-Pakistani relations continued to be strained after the Simla Agreement, for it did not address the final status of Kashmīr. Armed hostilities continued to erupt in the territory along the LOC, making…

58.  The economy of pakistan Like most developing countries, Pakistan is confronted with the problems of   rapid population growth, sizable budget deficits, and heavy dependence on foreign aid and loans. The   economy is strained from supporting a large military establishment and from providing for the needs of Afghan refugees.Pakistan receives considerable economic assistance from foreign countries and from    international organizations.

59.  People-of-pakistan Pakistan are ethnically diverse. They trace their ethnic lineages to many different origins, largely because the country lies in an area that was invaded repeatedly during its long history. Migrations of Muslims from India since 1947

60.  Cultural-groups Pakistan is a multilingual and multiethnic nation. Most of the people belong to one of the country’s five major ethnolinguistic groups: Punjabis, Sindhis, Pashtuns (Pakhtuns), Mohajirs (Muslims who migrated to the newly formed

61.  Political-regions The ethnic groups of Pakistan are distributed according to their historical settlement in the region. The current political regions of Pakistan roughly correspond to the settlement patterns established long before the partition of British India in 1947, when Pakistan was created as a homeland for Indian Muslims. The four

62.  Principal-cities  Pakistan’s largest city is Karāchi, the capital of Sind Province. It is the country’s only seaport and a major financial, industrial, and commercial center. It is also known as the ethnic melting    pot of Pakistan. Lahore,

63.  Religion-languages Islam is the faith of about 97 percent of the people of Pakistan. About three-quarters of the country’s Muslims are Sunni, and about one-quarter are Shia. Some small Muslim fringe sects, such as the Ahmedis

64.  Education Pakistan has one of the lowest literacy rates in the world. In 2003 only 45.7 percent of adult Pakistanis were literate. Male literacy was 59.8 percent, while female literacy was 30.6 percent. From

65.  Literature-music-and-film-architecture Pakistan has a rich and diverse cultural heritage. Pakistanis celebrate their culture through folk music, dance, and festivals. They have a strong appreciation for poetic expression and storytelling. The history of the country comes to life in the splendid architectural    detail of centuries-

66.  Land-natural-regions Pakistan, officially Islamic Republic of Pakistan, republic in South Asia, marking the area where South Asia converges with Southwest Asia and Central Asia. The capital of Pakistan is Islāmābād; Karāchi is the country’s largest city.

67.  Government-structure Since independence in 1947 Pakistan has had three constitutions, adopted in 1956, 1962, and 1973, consecutively. The 1973 constitution was the result of consensus among the political parties that were represented in the parliament.

68.  History-of-baluchistan spite of the intrinsic hostility of its landscape and climate, archaeological discoveries have confirmed that Baluchistan was already inhabited in the Stone Age, and the important neolithic

69.  History of punjab Before the advent of Islam, but after the Aryan migrations, several invasions and mass migrations of the Central Asian tribes named as the Sakas, Parthians, Kushans, Huns and Gujjars took place in the Punjab (and other parts of Pakistan).

70. History of Sindh The land of Sind has a hoary past with some of the most striking episodes in history having occurred in its bosom.